Adult Echocardiography Practice Exam

In M-mode tracing, the arrow demonstrates which of the following?

1. aortic valve closure line

2. mitral valve opening

3. mitral valve closure line

4. aortic valve opening

The correct answer is: aortic valve opening

In M-mode echocardiography, the tracing provides a time-motion display of structures within the heart, allowing for accurate measurement and visualization of cardiac anatomy and function. The arrow in the given context signifies key events in the cardiac cycle related to valve dynamics. If the arrow indicates aortic valve opening, this is represented in M-mode by a quick upward deflection that corresponds to the moment when the aortic valve leaflets separate, allowing blood to flow from the left ventricle into the aorta. This event usually aligns with the onset of systole when the left ventricle contracts, resulting in an increase in pressure that forces the valve to open. Recognizing these features on M-mode is crucial for evaluating valvular function and understanding the timing of cardiac events. The distinction of the aortic valve opening on M-mode is especially important for assessing conditions like aortic stenosis or regurgitation, as the timing and appearance of the valve opening provide valuable insights into hemodynamics and structural integrity of the heart.