Adult Echocardiography Practice Exam

This TEE image represents which condition?

1. Bicuspid aortic valve

2. Pericardial effusion

3. Aortic stenosis

4. Aortic valve ring abscess

The correct answer is: Aortic valve ring abscess

The presence of an aortic valve ring abscess is characterized by a localized area of infection and necrosis at the aortic valve's annular region, often associated with infective endocarditis. In transthoracic or transesophageal echocardiography, this condition typically presents as an echogenic area or mass-like structure adjacent to the aortic valve. In a transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE), the detailed visualization of the aortic valve region allows for the identification of such abnormalities, including any thickening, irregularity, or presence of abscesses. The TEE can also demonstrate the involvement of surrounding structures, such as the mitral valve or aortic root, which can be helpful in assessing the extent of the infection. Recognizing these features in the TEE image is critical for diagnosing an aortic valve ring abscess, as timely identification can significantly affect patient management and prognosis. The presence of a valve ring abscess necessitates careful further evaluation for surgical intervention or antibiotic therapy, depending on the degree of damage and the patient's clinical situation.